Technical Articles
Deep dive into wireless technologies with our expert-written technical guides and tutorials.
5G NR
In-depth articles on 5G New Radio architecture, protocols, and optimization.
LTE
Comprehensive guides on 4G LTE mechanics, signaling, and features.
6G
Future-looking insights into 6G research, trends, and vision.
Latest Publications
Beam Failure Detection and Recovery Procedure in 5G NR
A comprehensive guide to the Beam Failure Detection (BFD) and Beam Failure Recovery (BFR) procedures in 5G NR, including MAC layer operations and RRC configurations.
Measurement Report: Event A4 in 5G NR
Understand the criteria, configuration, and practical applications of Measurement Event A4 in 5G NR mobility and radio resource management.
T319 RRC Timer in 5G NR
A detailed breakdown of the T319 RRC timer in 5G NR, its triggers, purposes, and impacts on network performance and UE behavior.
Comprehensive Catalog of 6G Study Items (Rel-20)
An exhaustive catalog of the active 3GPP Release 20 Study Items (SIs) and Technical Reports (TRs) shaping the future of 6G standards and architecture.
Conditional Handover (CHO) in 5G NR Release 16
Learn about the Conditional Handover (CHO) procedure introduced in 5G NR Release 16, its principles, call flows, and what happens during a fallback to legacy handover.
SMTC in 5G NR: Measurement Timing Configuration Guide
Understand the SS/PBCH Block Measurement Timing Configuration (SMTC) in 5G NR. Learn about SMTC parameters, periodicity, offset, duration, and configurations.
5G Handling of Measurement Gaps
Detailed explanation of how 5G NR handles measurement gaps for efficient radio resource management.
MUSIM Gaps in 5G NR
Comprehensive guide to MUSIM (Multi-User Subscriber Identity Module) gaps in 5G NR. Learn about gap patterns, collision resolution, and priority handling for multi-SIM devices.
Network-Controlled Small Gap (NCSG) in 5G NR MR-DC
A deep dive into Network-Controlled Small Gaps (NCSG) for MR-DC. Explore the RAN2/RAN4 architecture, signaling mechanisms, and Visible Period (VP) configurations for optimized measurements.
Uplink (UL) Gap for Tx Power Management in 5G NR
A specialized look at Release 17 Uplink Gaps for Tx Power Management. Explore SAR constraints, peak power mitigation, and RRC signaling for optimized UL scheduling.
Contention Resolution Identity (MSG4) in 5G NR RACH
Detailed explanation of contention resolution in 5G NR RACH, focusing on the role of MSG4, UE Contention Resolution Identity MAC CE, and the complete procedure.
Difference between BLER for Radio Link Management and BLER in Data throughput
Detailed explanation of the difference between BLER for Radio Link Management and BLER in Data throughput in 5G NR, covering measurement methodologies and impacts.
Measurement Report Event B1 in 5G NR
Detailed explanation of the Measurement Report Event B1 in 5G NR, covering Inter-RAT mobility thresholds and Release 17 enhancements.
Mobility Robustness Optimization (MRO) in 5G NR
Comprehensive guide to 5G NR Mobility Robustness Optimization (MRO). Learn how SON automates handover failure reduction, RLF prevention, and ping-pong mitigation.
Msg2-Random Access Response (RAR) Process in 5G NR RACH
Master the 5G NR Msg2-RAR process. Includes RA-RNTI calculation formulas, RAR window timing, and detailed UE actions upon reception.