RF Path Loss Calculator | 5G NR & LTE Propagation Models
Professional RF propagation analyzer. Calculate path loss across multiple models including TR 38.901 (UMa/UMi), COST-231 Hata, and Okumura-Hata for comprehensive network planning.
Quick scenarios
Basic parameters
Standard operating frequency for path loss modeling
Point-to-point separation for model analysis
Antenna parameters
Reference heights
Environment type
City centers with significant diffraction.
Propagation models reference
Free space path loss (FSPL)
Represents ideal propagation in free space with no obstacles. Provides the theoretical minimum path loss. Valid for line-of-sight (LOS) scenarios.
3GPP models (UMi / UMa)
Standard models for 5G NR simulations (TR 38.901).
• UMi: Urban Micro (street canyon, small cells)
• UMa: Urban Macro (above rooftop, macro cells)
COST-231 Hata
Extension of the Hata model for 1.5-2 GHz frequency bands. Widely used for LTE macro cell planning in urban and suburban areas.
Okumura-Hata
Empirical model based on extensive measurements in Tokyo. Valid for 150-1500 MHz. Suited for large macro cells (up to 20km).
Pro Deployment Insights: LOS vs NLOS Propagation
Line of Sight (LOS) Dynamics
In Line of Sight (LOS) scenarios, the radio wave has a clear path between the transmitter and receiver. For 5G mmWave and high-band LTE, maintaining the First Fresnel Zone clarity is essential to prevent significant diffraction losses.
"At frequencies above 6GHz, even foliage or glass can introduce 20dB+ of attenuation, effectively turning a LOS link into an unusable NLOS link."
Non-Line of Sight (NLOS) Mitigation
Diffraction
Waves bending around building edges. Modeled specifically in 3GPP UMa/UMi.
Multipath Reflection
Signals bouncing off surfaces, critical for MIMO spatial multiplexing.
Clutter Loss
Additional attenuation caused by trees, vehicles, and suburban building density.
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